只有特定 OS 授權可附加、移除或更換。以下使用案例支援 Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)、RHEL for SAP、SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)、SLES for SAP、Ubuntu、Ubuntu Pro 和 Windows Server 的授權變更:
- 在 RHEL、RHEL for SAP、SLES 和 SLES for SAP 的 BYOS 和即付即用結帳模式之間切換
- 將 Windows Server BYOL 執行個體改為使用「即付即用」計費
- 從 Ubuntu 直接升級至 Ubuntu Pro
- 新增或移除 RHEL ELS 加購授權
授權擁有者可以變更特定授權的有效授權變更。變更授權前,請先確認目標授權變更有效。本指南說明如何找出特定授權的現行有效授權變更。並說明變更授權的相關限制。
事前準備
-
如果尚未設定驗證,請先完成設定。
驗證可確認您的身分,以便存取 Google Cloud 服務和 API。如要從本機開發環境執行程式碼或範例,請選取下列其中一個選項,向 Compute Engine 進行驗證:
選取這個頁面上的分頁,瞭解如何使用範例:
控制台
使用 Google Cloud 控制台存取 Google Cloud 服務和 API 時,無須設定驗證。
gcloud
-
安裝 Google Cloud CLI。 完成後,執行下列指令來初始化 Google Cloud CLI:
gcloud init若您採用的是外部識別資訊提供者 (IdP),請先使用聯合身分登入 gcloud CLI。
-
- 設定預設地區和區域。
準備更新磁碟授權
如要在磁碟附加至執行中的執行個體時更新磁碟授權,請先停止執行個體或卸離磁碟。
查看授權資訊
在 Cloud Shell 中執行下列指令。將 LICENSE_URL 替換為要調查的授權。如需常見授權網址的清單,請參閱「授權參考資料」表格。
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" -H "Content-Type: application/json" LICENSE_URL
舉例來說,如要檢查 RHEL 7 PAYG 授權:
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" -H "Content-Type: application/json" https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-server
輸出結果會與下列內容相似:
{
"kind": "compute#license",
"name": "rhel-7-server",
"chargesUseFee": true,
"id": "6080198135500386054",
"licenseCode": "1000006",
"creationTimestamp": "2013-08-19T17:17:57.000-07:00",
"description": "RedHat Enterprise Linux 7",
"transferable": true,
"selfLink": "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-server",
"selfLinkWithId": "https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/6080198135500386054",
"appendableToDisk": true,
"removableFromDisk": false,
"allowedReplacementLicenses": [
"1492188837615955530",
"8475125252192923229",
"601259152637613565",
"489291035512960571",
"1270685562947480748"
],
"osLicense": false,
"soleTenantOnly": false,
"multiTenantOnly": false,
"minimumRetention": {
"seconds": "0",
"nanos": 0
},
"updateTimestamp": ""
}
回應會列出下列重要欄位:
removableFromDisk:如果為true,授權可以從磁碟中移除。如果為「false」,您必須先更換為有效授權,才能移除授權。allowedReplacementLicenses:這是可做為有效替代項目的授權清單。如要瞭解授權代碼對應的授權,請參閱授權參考資料。minimumRetention:授權在 VM 上必須存在的最短時間,之後才能套用其他授權變更。
範例:將 RHEL 7 PAYG 替換為 RHEL 8 PAYG
如要將 RHEL 7 PAYG 授權替換為 RHEL 8 PAYG 授權,請使用下列資訊找出 RHEL 8 PAYG 的授權代碼和授權網址:
| 授權名稱 | 授權碼 | 授權網址 |
|---|---|---|
| RHEL 8 PAYG | 601259152637613565 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-server |
由於 RHEL 8 PAYG 的授權碼 (601259152637613565) 列於 RHEL 7 PAYG 的 allowedReplacementLicenses 下方,這表示可以更換有效授權。
如要更換授權,請使用下列指令:
gcloud compute disks update DISK_NAME
--replace-license=projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-server,projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-server
--zone=DISK_ZONE
授權參考資料
下表列出 RHEL、SLES、Ubuntu、Ubuntu Pro 和 Windows Server 的授權參考資料。
RHEL 授權資訊
| 授權名稱 | 授權碼 | 授權網址 |
|---|---|---|
| RHEL 6 PAYG | 1000002 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-6-server |
| RHEL 7 PAYG | 1000006 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-server |
| RHEL 7 ELS | 4646774207868449156 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-els |
| RHEL 8 PAYG | 601259152637613565 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-server |
| RHEL 9 PAYG | 7883559014960410759 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-9-server |
| RHEL 10 PAYG | 1368031684811063353 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-10-server |
| RHEL 6 BYOS | 4720191914037931587 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-6-byos |
| RHEL 7 BYOS | 1492188837615955530 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-7-byos |
| RHEL 8 BYOS | 8475125252192923229 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-byos |
| RHEL 9 BYOS | 3837518230911135854 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-9-byos |
| RHEL 10 BYOS | 4907394077439590422 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-10-byos |
| RHEL 8 for SAP PAYG | 1270685562947480748 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-sap |
| RHEL 9 for SAP PAYG | 8291906032809750558 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-9-sap |
| RHEL 10 for SAP PAYG | 5231023367886504429 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-10-sap |
| RHEL 8 for SAP BYOS | 489291035512960571 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-8-sap-byos |
| RHEL 9 for SAP BYOS | 6753525580035552782 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-9-sap-byos |
| RHEL 10 for SAP BYOS | 4412948736425361424 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/rhel-sap-cloud/global/licenses/rhel-10-sap-byos |
SLES 授權資訊
| 授權名稱 | 授權碼 | 授權網址 |
|---|---|---|
| SLES 11 PAYG | 1000004 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-cloud/global/licenses/sles-11 |
| SLES 12 PAYG | 1000008 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-cloud/global/licenses/sles-12 |
| SLES 15 PAYG | 5422776498422280384 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-cloud/global/licenses/sles-15 |
| SLES 11 BYOS | 3562683225507985416 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-byos-cloud/global/licenses/sles-11-byos |
| SLES 12 BYOS | 5995918435054614609 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-byos-cloud/global/licenses/sles-12-byos |
| SLES 15 BYOS | 7429287564402499183 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-byos-cloud/global/licenses/sles-15-byos |
| SLES 12 for SAP PAYG | 4079932016749305610 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-sap-cloud/global/licenses/sles-sap-12 |
| SLES 15 for SAP PAYG | 4764125400812555962 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-sap-cloud/global/licenses/sles-sap-15 |
| SLES 12 for SAP BYOS | 7194268483061119118 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-byos-cloud/global/licenses/sles-sap-12-byos |
| SLES 15 for SAP BYOS | 6035015651111738499 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/suse-byos-cloud/global/licenses/sles-sap-15-byos |
Ubuntu 和 Ubuntu Pro 授權資訊
| 授權名稱 | 授權碼 | 授權網址 |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus) | 1000201 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-1604-xenial |
| Ubuntu Pro 16.04 (Xenial Xerus) | 8045211386737108299 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-pro-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-pro-1604-lts |
| Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) | 5926592092274602096 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-1804-lts |
| Ubuntu Pro 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) | 6022427724719891830 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-pro-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-pro-1804-lts |
| Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) | 2211838267635035815 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-2004-lts |
| Ubuntu Pro 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa) | 599959289349842382 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-pro-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-pro-2004-lts |
| Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) | 5511465778777431107 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-2204-lts |
| Ubuntu Pro 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) | 2592866803419978320 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-pro-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-pro-2204-lts |
| Ubuntu 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat) | 3242930272766215801 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-2404-lts |
| Ubuntu Pro 24.04 LTS (Noble Numbat) | 2176054482269786025 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/ubuntu-os-pro-cloud/global/licenses/ubuntu-pro-2404-lts |
Windows Server 授權資訊
| 授權名稱 | 授權碼 | 授權網址 |
|---|---|---|
| Windows Server 2008 R2 BYOL | 4551215591257167608 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2008-r2-byol |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 PAYG | 1000000 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2008-r2-dc |
| Windows Server 2012 BYOL | 5559842820536817947 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2012-byol |
| Windows Server 2012 即付即用 | 1000015 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2012-dc |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 BYOL | 6738952703547430631 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2012-r2-byol |
| Windows Server 2012 R2 PAYG | 1000017 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2012-r2-dc |
| Windows Server 2016 BYOL | 4322823184804632846 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2016-byol |
| Windows Server 2016 PAYG | 1000213 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2016-dc |
| Windows Server 2019 BYOL | 6532438499690676691 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2019-byol |
| Windows Server 2019 PAYG | 3389558045860892917 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2019-dc |
| Windows Server 2022 BYOL | 2808834792899686364 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2022-byol |
| Windows Server 2022 PAYG | 4079807029871201927 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2022-dc |
| Windows Server 2025 BYOL | 6621875542391421291 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2025-byol |
| Windows Server 2025 PAYG | 7142647615590922601 | https://www.googleapis.com/compute/v1/projects/windows-cloud/global/licenses/windows-server-2025-dc |